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How to Solve Kth Smallest Path XOR Sum Problem
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Hard#3590
LeetCode ProblemKth Smallest Path XOR Sum
You are given an undirected tree rooted at node 0 with n nodes numbered from 0 to n - 1. Each node i has an integer value vals[i], and its parent is given by par[i]. The path XOR sum from the root to a node u is defined as the bitwise XOR of all vals[i] for nodes i on the path from the root node to node u, inclusive. You are given a 2D integer array queries, where queries[j] = [uj, kj]. For each query, find the kjth smallest distinct path XOR sum among all nodes in the subtree rooted at uj. If there are fewer than kj distinct path XOR sums in that subtree, the answer is -1. Return an integer array where the jth element is the answer to the jth query. In a rooted tree, the subtree of a node v includes v and all nodes whose path to the root passes through v, that is, v and its descendants.
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Problem Breakdown
Understanding the Kth Smallest Path XOR Sum Problem
Let's break down this LeetCode problem and understand what makes it challenging in interview settings.
Problem Statement
You are given an undirected tree rooted at node 0 with n nodes numbered from 0 to n - 1. Each node i has an integer value vals[i], and its parent is given by par[i]. The path XOR sum from the root to a node u is defined as the bitwise XOR of all vals[i] for nodes i on the path from the root node to node u, inclusive. You are given a 2D integer array queries, where queries[j] = [uj, kj]. For each query, find the kjth smallest distinct path XOR sum among all nodes in the subtree rooted at uj. If there are fewer than kj distinct path XOR sums in that subtree, the answer is -1. Return an integer array where the jth element is the answer to the jth query. In a rooted tree, the subtree of a node v includes v and all nodes whose path to the root passes through v, that is, v and its descendants.
HardProblem #3590
LeetCodeKth Smallest Path XOR Sum
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Examples
# Example 1
Input
par = [-1,0,0], vals = [1,1,1], queries = [[0,1],[0,2],[0,3]]
Output
[0,1,-1]
# Example 2
Input
par = [-1,0,1], vals = [5,2,7], queries = [[0,1],[1,2],[1,3],[2,1]]
Output
[0,7,-1,0]
Constraints
1 <= n == vals.length <= 5 * 104
0 <= vals[i] <= 105
par.length == n
par[0] == -1
0 <= par[i] < n for i in [1, n - 1]
1 <= queries.length <= 5 * 104
queries[j] == [uj, kj]
0 <= uj < n
1 <= kj <= n
The input is generated such that the parent array par represents a valid tree.
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Solve Kth Smallest Path XOR Sum — You are given an undirected tree rooted at node 0 with n nodes numbered from 0 t...
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